2.Abstraction
and Virtualization
Abstraction
Definition
Abstraction is the process of hiding
complex implementation details and exposing only what the user needs to
interact with.
The process of hiding the internal workings of a
programme from users of the application and the outside world is known as
"abstraction."
Examples
Using Google Drive without knowing where or how the
data is stored
Using Amazon EC2 without managing physical servers
Virtualization
Definition
Virtualization is the technology that allows
multiple virtual resources (machines, storage, networks) to run on a single
physical system.
Virtualization is used to create a virtual version
of an service With the help of Virtualization, multiple operating systems and
applications can run on the same machine and its same hardware at the same
time, increasing the utilization and flexibility of hardware.
It’s hardware-reducing techniques used by cloud
providers.
Virtualization allows sharing of a single physical
instance of a resource or an application among multiple customers and
organizations at one time.
It does this by
assigning a logical name to physical storage and providing a pointer to that
physical resource on demand
•
Virtualization
plays a fundamental role in efficiently delivering Infrastructure-as-a-Service
(IaaS) solutions for cloud computing.
•
virtualization
technologies provide a virtual environment for storage, memory, and
networking.
•
Virtualization plays a fundamental role in
efficiently delivering Infrastructure-as-a-Service (IaaS) solutions for cloud
computing.
•
virtualization technologies provide a
virtual environment for storage, memory, and networking.
Examples
- Running
Windows and Linux on the same physical server
- Virtual machines in AWS, Azure, or Google Cloud
- Abstraction hides
the complexity of cloud infrastructure and provides users with simple
services like storage, servers, or applications without exposing internal
details.
- Virtualization allows
multiple virtual machines or resources to run on a single physical system
using a hypervisor.
- Virtualization
creates virtual resources, and abstraction
hides their complexity, making cloud computing easy, scalable, and
cost-effective.
Load Balancing
Load balancing is the process of distributing incoming network
traffic or workload evenly across multiple servers to ensure no single server
is overloaded.
·
Improves
performance and response time
·
Increases
reliability and availability
·
Prevents server
overload
·
Ensures efficient
use of resources
Example:
Requests to a website are shared among
multiple servers instead of one.
Hypervisor (Short Explanation)
A hypervisor is software that creates and manages virtual
machines (VMs) by allowing multiple operating systems to run on a single
physical computer.
- Sits
between hardware and virtual machines
- Allocates
CPU, memory, and storage to each VM
- Ensures isolation between VMs
A hypervisor is a form of virtualization
software used in Cloud hosting to divide and allocate the resources on various
pieces of hardware. provides partitioning, isolation, or abstraction is called
a virtualization hypervisor.
The hypervisor is a hardware virtualization
technique that allows multiple guest operating systems (OS) to run on a single
host system at the same time.
A hypervisor is sometimes also called a
virtual machine manager (VMM).
TYPE-1 Hypervisor:
Type
1 (Bare-metal): Runs directly on hardware (e.g., VMware
ESXi, Xen).
The hypervisor runs directly on the underlying host
system.
It is also
known as a “Native Hypervisor”
It does not require any base server operating system.
It has direct
access to hardware resources.
TYPE-2 Hypervisor/(Hosted): Runs on a
host OS (e.g., VirtualBox)
Host operating system runs on the underlying host
system.
It is also
known as ‘Hosted Hypervisor”. Such kind of hypervisors doesn’t run directly
over the underlying hardware rather they run as an application in a Host system
(physical machine).
Hypervisor is the core technology behind
virtualization in cloud computing.
Types of Virtual Machines (Short)
1. System
Virtual Machines
virtual machines give us
complete system platform and gives the execution of the complete virtual
operating system
o
Provide a complete virtual computer
o
Run a full operating system
o
Example: VirtualBox, VMware, AWS EC2
2. Process
Virtual Machines
It creates virtual environment
of that OS while using some app or program and this environment will be
destroyed as soon as we exit from that app. there are some apps running on main
OS as well some virtual machines are created to run other apps.
o
Run a single program or process
o
Exist only while the program is running
o
Example: Java Virtual Machine (JVM)
* System VMs virtualize hardware, while Process
VMs virtualize applications.
Virtualization Structure
- Physical
Hardware – CPU, memory, storage, network
- Hypervisor –
controls and manages virtual machines
- Virtual
Machines (VMs) – virtual OS and applications
- Guest
Operating Systems – run inside each VM
Virtualization Tools
·
VMware (ESXi, Workstation)
·
Microsoft
Hyper-V
·
Xen /
XenServer
·
KVM
(Kernel-based Virtual Machine)
·
VirtualBox
Assignment Question
1) Define 1) Abstraction 2) Virtualization
2) what is load balancing?
3) Explain virtualization and virtual machine types in details
4) Explain Hypervisors and types of hypervisor
5) What are Virtualization tools?
6)Explain Load balancing
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