4. Requirement
Modeling
Unified Modeling Language (UML) is a
standardized graphical language used to visualize, specify, construct, and
document software systems and business processes. It is not a programming
language but rather a set of diagrams and notations that help teams communicate
complex ideas, design software architecture, and model system behavior and
structure.
Key Aspects of UML
- Standardization
UML provides a universal notation and set of best
practices for modeling, which helps ensure clarity and consistency across
different teams and organizations.
- Visual
Language
It uses graphical elements to represent system
components and their interactions, making complex information easier to
understand for both technical and non-technical stakeholders.
- Purpose
UML is used throughout the software development
lifecycle to:
·
Design: Create
visual blueprints for software systems and databases.
·
Communicate: Facilitate
understanding and collaboration among project teams.
·
Document: Create
a clear record of system design, processes, and architecture.
·
Analyze: Explore
and validate potential designs and identify issues early in development.
Structural Modeling
Structural UML diagrams illustrate the organization of
a system by depicting its components, such as classes, objects, and packages.
They represent the elements that make up the system and the relationships
between them.
Class Model
- Class
diagrams are the main building blocks of every object-oriented method.
- The
class diagram can be used to show the classes, relationships, interface,
association, and collaboration. UML is standardized in class diagrams.
- Since
classes are the building block of an application that is based on OOPs,
the class diagram has an appropriate structure to represent the classes,
inheritance, relationships, and everything that OOPs have in their
context.
Processes relate to one another. They are crucial for
defining system scope and requirements.
|
Serial No. |
Class Diagram |
Object Diagram |
|||
|
1. |
It depicts the
static view of a system. |
It portrays the
real-time behavior of a system. |
|
||
|
2. |
Dynamic changes are
not included in the class diagram. |
Dynamic changes are
captured in the object diagram. |
|
||
|
3. |
The data values and
attributes of an instance are not involved here. |
It incorporates
data values and attributes of an entity. |
|
||
|
4. |
The object behavior
is manipulated in the class diagram. |
Objects are the
instances of a class. |
|
||
Use Case Model
A Use Case Diagram is a type of Unified Modeling
Language (UML) diagram that represents the interaction between actors (users or
external systems) and a system under consideration to accomplish specific
goals. It provides a high-level view of the system's functionality by
illustrating the various ways users can interact with it.
Behavioral Modeling - Behavioral modeling involves using data and
observation to understand, predict, and influence human and system behavior, with applications
Sequence Diagram-
·
To model high-level interaction among active objects
within a system.
·
To model interaction among objects inside a
collaboration realizing a use case.
·
It either models generic interactions or some certain
instances of interaction.
Activity
Diagrams
Activity diagrams show the
steps involved in how a system works, helping us understand the flow of
control. They display the order in which activities happen and whether they
occur one after the other (sequential) or at the same time (concurrent). These
diagrams help explain what triggers certain actions or events in a system.
·
An activity diagram starts from an initial point and ends at a
final point, showing different decision paths along the way.
·
They are often used in business and process modeling to show how a
system behaves over time.
Collaboration
Diagrams
Collaboration
Diagram is a type of Interaction Diagram that visualizes the interactions and
relationships between objects in a system. It shows how objects collaborate to
achieve a specific task or behavior. Collaboration diagrams are used to model
the dynamic behavior of a system and illustrate the flow of messages between
objects during a particular scenario or use case.
Architectural
Design
Architectural
design as the process of defining a collection of hardware and software
components and their interfaces to establish the framework for the development
of a computer system. The software that is built for computer-based systems can
exhibit one of these many architectural styles.
Component
Based Model (CBM)
Artifact Model in Computer Science is a structured representation that describes key objects,
known as artifacts, which users employ, manipulate, and share as part of their
work practice within a system or enterprise.
Examples of artifacts include model files, source files, scripts, and binary executable
files, a table in a database system, a development deliverable, or a
word-processing document, a mail message.
Deployment Diagram
The deployment diagram visualizes the physical
hardware on which the software will be deployed. It portrays the static
deployment view of a system. It involves the nodes and their relationships.
Purpose
of Deployment Diagram
The main purpose of the deployment diagram is
to represent how software is installed on the hardware component. It depicts in
what manner a software interacts with hardware to perform its execution.
Both the deployment diagram and the component
diagram are closely interrelated to each other as they focus on software and
hardware components. The component diagram represents the components of a
system, whereas the deployment diagram describes how they are actually deployed
on the hardware.
The deployment diagram does not focus on the
logical components of the system, but it put its attention on the hardware
topology.
Following are the purposes of deployment
diagram enlisted below:
1. To envision the hardware
topology of the system.
2. To represent the hardware
components on which the software components are installed.
3. To describe the processing
of nodes at the runtime.
Symbol
and notation of Deployment diagram
The deployment diagram consists of the
following notations:
1. A component
2. An artifact
3. An interface
4. A node
Examples of a Deployment diagram
Wi-Fi, 3G, or EDGE
College system
Online Examination System
Assignment 4
1) Explain
UML in details
2) What is structural model?
3) What
is behavioral model?
4) What
is Artifact model?
5) What
is Activity model?
6) What is sequence model?
7) What are the primary goals of UML?
8) Draw all types uml diagrams for online exam
registration
9) Draw
all types uml diagram for library management system
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